Days of the week in English — what actually matters
Monday is segunda-feira. That's the basic answer. But if you're trying to use this stuff in real conversations, you'll quickly run into things that don't match what any textbook says. Here's how it actually works.
Segunda em inglês dias da semana — the full list
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday. In Portuguese, segunda through domingo. The obvious pattern is that Monday starts the week in most English-speaking business contexts, while Sunday technically starts it in American calendars. This difference shows up constantly and nobody really explains it clearly. I've been translating scheduling emails between Brazilian and US teams for years. One thing I notice regularly: Americans will send a meeting invite for "next Monday" when they mean the upcoming Monday, while Brazilians saying "segunda que vem" usually mean eight days later. It's a genuine source of confusion in cross-border communication. The workaround is simple — always include the date in the email body. "Segunda, 14 de julho" with both the day name and the number eliminates the ambiguity entirely. It takes five extra seconds and saves an entire thread of follow-up messages.
Practical usage rules most people skip
Here are the actual patterns you need to know: Use "on" before days: on Monday, not "in Monday." This is non-negotiable in standard English and even native speakers fumble it occasionally in casual speech, but if you're writing anything formal, it needs to be correct.
When you mean every Monday without exception, you use the plural with no article: I work on Mondays. Not "on Monday" if it's a recurring thing. This distinction matters more than people think because mixing them up changes the meaning from a one-time event to a routine. The abbreviation Mon appears in calendars and schedules but M alone is used in compact table formats like Gantt charts. Don't confuse the two. I've seen junior translators mark "M" as Monday in a project timeline when the legend clearly showed M = March. It happened to me once in a logistics spreadsheet and it cost us two hours of confusion before anyone caught it.
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Common traps for Portuguese speakers
The biggest issue is capitalization. In Portuguese, days of the week are lowercase: segunda, terça, quarta. In English, they are always capitalized: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday. This is one of those rules that seems minor but immediately marks non-native writing. People who skip it often get corrected by automated tools and sometimes by native speakers who notice the pattern. Another trap: "Weekend" in English means Saturday and Sunday together. If someone asks "Are you free this weekend?" they are asking about both days as a block. There isn't a direct equivalent to "final de semana" that breaks it into singular parts the way Portuguese sometimes does. You can say "Saturday" or "Sunday" individually, but "weekend" itself is inherently plural in meaning.
Some Brazilian speakers also struggle with the difference between "today is Monday" and "it's Monday today." The first emphasizes the current day. The second is more conversational. Both are correct, but the second appears far more often in spoken English. If you're preparing for a phone call or a video meeting, leaning toward the conversational form will make you sound more natural.
When the standard rules don't apply
There are situations where the usual structure breaks down. For instance, in American English, some regional dialects and informal business contexts drop the preposition entirely: See you Monday instead of See you on Monday. This is perfectly acceptable in spoken and written informal contexts. In formal writing, keep the preposition. The difference between these registers is something I check for every time I proofread a document for a client, and it's the kind of detail that separates professional-level English from readable but noticeably foreign English. A less obvious edge case: when talking about the period before a day, English uses "this" or "next" differently depending on context. "This Monday" refers to the upcoming Monday relative to today. "Next Monday" can mean either the following Monday or the one after, depending on which Monday you're currently in. I had a client who scheduled a vendor call for "next Monday" on a Friday, and the vendor showed up a week early because they interpreted it differently. Again, including the exact date in the invitation is the only reliable fix.
Quick reference for common translations
Segunda = Monday
Terça = Tuesday
Quarta = Wednesday
Quinta = Thursday
Sexta = Friday
Sábado = Saturday
Domingo = Sunday That's the core list. Everything else is just grammar around it — prepositions, articles, pluralization. Mastering the list is straightforward. Applying it correctly in a business email, a scheduling tool, or a contract is where the actual work happens.